First, create bridge interfaces on your appliance and connect each bridge interface to two physical interfaces. Configure a real or a dummy IP address on each bridge. Connect each WAN end to a physical interface. Install and start wanem and use the HTML interface to configure the bandwidth, the delay, the packet loss and the jitter of each interface.
Main concern is to stop NetworkManager, which does not support bridging. Then install as follow. If you have elected to receive email newsletters or promotional mailings and special offers but want to unsubscribe, simply email information informit. On rare occasions it is necessary to send out a strictly service related announcement.
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Save the configuration when you are satisfied. WANem will start the Apache and SSH services for remote administration and then prompt you to set a password for the user perc.
Enter a password of your choice, and again to confirm. At this point you should be dropped into the WANem CLI, a minimal command line interface to the server from which you can perform basic tasks such as reconfiguring interfaces or rebooting the server. Type help for a list of available commands.
Address the two endpoints appropriately, specifying the WANem server as the default gateway for both. If using a single subnet for testing, add a static host route pointing to the WANem server on either host for the other.
Ping to verify reachability between the endpoints through the WANem server. Two modes of configuration are available: basic and advanced. Basic configuration is limited to specifying bandwidth and delay. Advanced configuration provides far more extensive options, including jitter, loss, packet duplication, and packet corruption. Advanced rules are applied per interface, and can be configured to match only specific packets similar to an access list.
For a detailed discussion of these options, consult the WANem documentation. Now that we're all set up, let's simulate some WANs. First let's give basic mode a try, just to verify that WANem is indeed operational. We'll limit eth1 to 1. There is an option in the pull-down list for T-1 bandwidth; however, this sets the bandwidth to Kbps, apparently due to a conversion error. Set the bandwidth to Kbps by hand using the box at right.
We'll also assign a delay of 50msec. After clicking "apply settings," you should see a message at the top of the page which reads "WANem is running. On a more complex network, we might opt to run traceroute to verify that the latency is occurring at the WANem hop as expected:. So far, so good. When the queue exceeds it limit packets are dropped. The entire netword can be considered as one network device with one such queue.
The limit is specified in number of packets. If the output forwarding queue for the selected interface exceeds this limit then WANem drops packets. By default it will be set to bytes. If you would not want to limit packets this way then set this to a large number say If this is set to yes then it means that all the network settings in the rule set will be apply in both directions of traffic flow. If a valid port is mentioned then the setting will affect the packets from 1 host to the other only for the application identified by the port.
This is useful when an asymmetric network like ADSL needs to be emulated. Latency is proportional to the physical distance covered by the route taken by a packet from source to destination.
WANem currently provides a delay resolution of 10 ms. This means that the delay values supported accurately are those in multiples of 10 ms. Note that this correlation is only an approximation to pure mathematical correlation. In WANem the packet loss is specified in percent. The smallest possible non-zero value is: A loss value of 0.
Please refer to the WANem troubleshooting guide. This means that a single packet sent by the sender will arrive multiple times at the receiver. This results in waste of network bandwidth.
In WAnem packet duplication is specified in the same way as packet loss. Correlation for Duplication is similar to the correlation defined for Loss. Page 14 of 15 3. This is termed corruption. In WANem, Random noise can be emulated. This introduces a single bit error at a random offset in the packet. It is specified in the same way as packet loss.
However no correlation parameter is accepted. There are different ways to specify reordering o The first method gap uses a fixed sequence and reorders every Nth packet. A gap value of 5 with a delay of 10 ms will cause every 5th 10th, 15th, It causes a certain percentage of the packets to get mis-ordered.
For example specifying a delay of ms with a jitter of 75 ms will cause some reordering in the following way - If the first packet gets a random delay of ms ms base - 0ms jitter and the second packet is sent 1ms later and gets a delay of 50ms ms base - 50ms jitter ; the second packet will be sent first. This is because the packets are queued in order by time to send. Note regarding Reordering o Mixing forms of reordering may lead to unexpected results o Any method of reordering to work, some delay is necessary.
When a TCP connection has been idle for more than a preset duration, then that connection is reset or disconnected.
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