He was required to train young men to become instructors at newly opened YMCA centres. With the cold weather keeping the class indoors, in December , Naismith was asked by the schools Superintendent of Physical Education, Dr. Gulick, to create an indoor game that would keep the young men active during the cold winter months.
Upon this request, Naismith nervously set out to create a game that his class would enjoy. In a diary found many years later he had written…. The game he ended up inventing is the game we all know and love today — basketball. Basketball required very little equipment to play… two peach baskets hanging 10 feet above the ground, and a soccer ball. The object of the game is to work as a team to throw or bat the soccer ball into the opposing teams peach basket, while defending a score in your peach basket from the opposition team.
As you can imagine, it was a major pain getting the ball out of the peach basket when a team finally scored. Some say they used a long poll to push the ball out, others say someone was required to climb a ladder to retrieve it…. Heck, in the first game ever played there was only one score during the entire game!
In the following years, an unaltered peach basket would be replaced with a peach basket with holes in the bottom in which the ball would be popped out with a long rod , an unripped net, a net contraption that opened with a lever similar to a modern-day toilet , and finally with empty-bottomed nets.
Soon after the first privately held game at the YMCA, members of the Springfield community began to come out and watch the regularly-held matches played in the YMCA gymnasium. Basketball then began to spread like wildfire, jumping from YMCA to YMCA, from town to town, from college to college and from state to state, where many of the original members of the YMCA International Training School brought it when returning home on their school breaks.
In , less than two years after the sport was invented, Mel Ride-out organized the first match on foreign soil in France, and in the following decades the U. The first college basketball game that did incorporate the modern five-to- a-side limitations took place between the University of Iowa and the University of Chicago on January 18, , when Chicago squeaked by Iowa Soon after, in , the first professional basketball league was formed.
Several of them had black eyes and one had a dislocated shoulder. The current National Collegiate Athletic Association NCAA March Madness college basketball tournament includes the best 68 of more than 1, college teams, stadiums that seat tens of thousands of spectators and lucrative television contracts.
Some are still part of the modern game today. In the original rules: The ball could be thrown in any direction with one or both hands, never a fist. A player could not run with the ball but had to throw it from the spot where it was caught. Players were not allowed to push, trip or strike their opponents.
The first infringement was considered a foul. A second foul would disqualify a player until the next goal was made. But if there was evidence that a player intended to injure an opponent, the player would be disqualified for the whole game. Umpires served as judges for the game, made note of fouls and had the power to disqualify players. They decided when the ball was in bounds, to which side it belonged, and managed the time. Umpires decided when a goal had been made and kept track of the goals.
A goal was made when the ball was thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stayed there. If the ball rested on the edges, and the opponent moved the basket, it would count as a goal. When the ball went out of bounds, it was thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. The person throwing the ball was allowed five seconds; if he held it longer, the ball would go to the opponent.
In case of a dispute, an umpire would throw the ball straight into the field. If any side persisted in delaying the game, the umpire would call a foul on that side. The length of a game was two minute halves, with five minutes' rest between. The team making the most goals within the allotted time was declared the winner. If a game was tied, it could be continued until another goal was made. The instructors played against the students. Around spectators attended to discover this new sport they had never heard of or seen before.
Students attending other schools introduced the game at their own YMCAs. The original rules were printed in a college magazine, which was mailed to YMCAs across the country.
High schools began to introduce the new game, and by , basketball was officially recognized as a permanent winter sport. The first intercollegiate basketball game between two schools is disputed, according to the NCAA.
In , two school newspaper articles were published chronicling separate recordings of collegiate basketball games facing an opposing college team. The first recorded intercollegiate game between women took place between Stanford University and University of California at Berkeley in Louis as a demonstration event.
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